pmf interview questions

The Presidential Management Fellows (PMF) program is a flagship leadership development program at the entry level for advanced degree candidates. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has participated in the PMF program since 1985. We pride ourselves on offering interesting, challenging, and flexible opportunities for all fellows. NIH also has a strong community of current and former PMFs who stay involved in the program.

PMFs develop Individual Development Plans (IDPs) and select rotations that are tailored to meet their career development goals and the agencys long-term succession planning needs. At-Large PMFs complete rotational assignments in a broad range of administrative and programmatic areas, including budget and finance, grants management, program and management analysis, contracts management, and human resources. All PMFs have a dedicated mentor for the two-year program who guides them. Finally, fellows may participate on a variety of NIH-wide projects, as well as Intern/Fellow led committees for events like Intern/Fellow Orientation and Graduation that add value to the program.

TO APPLY FOR THE PMF PROGRAM, VISIT http://pmf.gov/. The application and assessment process begins each Fall and is managed centrally by the US Office of Personnel Management. PMF Finalists are eligible to apply for PMF jobs with agencies like NIH.

NIH hires a variety of fellows each year, though not all types are hired every year. If you’re a PMF Finalist, check OPM’s online Talent Management System (TMS) for any available openings at NIH.

At-Large PMFs are hired by the NIH Office of Human Resources and rotate throughout the entire NIH, creating their own schedule of 3-4 month rotations. These rotational opportunities provide on-the-job training with exposure to senior leadership. A core business rotation requirement applies to this program.

Designated PMFs rotate through a specified Institute or Center (IC) and may have one or more rotations outside of their home IC. As a Designated fellow, the focus is on learning the organization and culture of their home IC.

Targeted/Designated PMFs are hired by an office or manager for a specific position. They spend two years in that position, with the exception of their required 4-6 month Developmental Assignment. If there are any targeted PMF openings at NIH, you will find them posted on the TMS.

The Top 10 Product Manager Interview Questions (And How To Answer Them)

“One of the biggest themes that’s emerged so far is the applicants interest in resume building help. Federal resumes are totally different than resumes you would submit to the private sector. We will be hosting a live interactive webinar on November 13. There you can get tips and ask questions about how to build the best resume. We will also show you all sorts of before and after resumes so you can model yours,” said Krzmarzick.

Read Krzmarzick’s blog post “Advice for Acing the Presidential Management Fellows (PMF) Application” to learn more tips and tricks.

Andrew Krzmarzick is GovLoop’s Director of Community Engagement. He has worked closely in the development of the Path to PMF Guide.

November 5th. That’s the day would-be Presidential Management Fellows can begin their applications for the prestigious program.

“We conducted interviews with former and current PMFs, career advisors at colleges and universities who have had successful applicants as well as PMF coordinators. It’s a very through and expansive guide,” said Krzmarzick.

Q: I have a startup idea and I’ve started talking to potential customers about it. What should I be asking them to know if I have Product/Market Fit?

Oh, that fabled Product/Market Fit (PMF) Many seek it, few find it. The search for PMF is not so different from a treasure hunt — you’re pretty sure there’s gold somewhere out there, you find vague clues along the way, and you have to keep your crew/team/investors from mutinying before you discover it. If you do find it though (and you can manage to keep it), glory and treasure await

What is PMF? It just means you’ve created something that people want. You can read more about why it’s important in this legendary article by Marc Andreesen (who coined the term).

How does one know if they’re indeed building something people will want? In my experience, you never really know you have PMF until you’ve built the thing, gotten people to use it, and enough people continue to use it for an extended period (here’s a way to measure this once you have enough users). Also, it’s not a binary, big-bang, event — you simply get clearer and clearer about what the market wants, build it for them, and hope that it has lasting, differentiated, value. Remember the Yo app? or CryptoKitties? Lots of initial traction, and then a quick fade. It felt like PMF, but that there’s fools gold.

What you want to do at your stage, up until you can measure things like long-term retention and level of “disappointment” if your product disappeared, is to build increasingly greater confidence that you’re heading towards treasure. You do this through the initial conversations you’re having now, and later with wireframes, prototypes, and having people use the actual product.

When talking to potential customers early on, here are the three things I’d look for to build confidence that you are heading towards PMF:

  • Passion: How excited do people get when you describe your idea? You want to see people get visibly excited. You want them to ask you how soon this thing will exist. You want to hear them offer you money for it. This will be hard to miss. If you can’t find a handful of people that act this way, you either don’t have PMF, you aren’t pitching it well, or you haven’t talked to the right people. Adjust one or two of these things and see if you can get there. Try to find at least five people who are very excited. As Paul Graham famously said, “Its better to have 100 people that love you than a million people that just sort of like you.”
  • Skin in the game: Are people willing to pay you for this product? Ask them this directly. Even try to get them to pay you now (i.e.. literally send them an invoice) to get early access to the product. Nothing will be a better signal of interest and PMF if you can do this successfully. Try this even if it’s a consumer app that you won’t charge for — it’ll show you how much value you’re creating in people’s lives.
  • A clear why: As you talk with these potential users, keep asking “why.” Why are they excited about your product? What specifically is it going to do for them? Why is this problem a big deal? Why aren’t they using something else instead? This will both help you make sure you’re understanding what they are saying, and help you get to the core of their pain point.
  • Concrete questions I’d ask in your interviews after you describe your idea:

  • How are you currently solving this problem?
  • What annoys you about your current approach?
  • If you had a magic wand, what would you wish for to solve this problem?
  • How much would you pay for this if it existed?
  • Why is this a problem for you? [Listen for answer] Why is that? [Listen for answer] Why is that? [Listen for answer] Why is that?
  • Final tip: Pick the people you talk to carefully. Figuring out the target audience for your product is very much part of this search, so be careful getting discouraged by talking to the wrong group of people.

    The typical Novartis Clinical Research Associate salary is $93,638. Clinical Research Associate salaries at Novartis can range from $63,015 – $139,142. This estimate is based upon 15 Novartis Clinical Research Associate salary report(s) provided by employees or estimated based upon statistical methods. When factoring in bonuses and additional compensation, a Clinical Research Associate at Novartis can expect to make an average total pay of $143,782 . See all Clinical Research Associate salaries to learn how this stacks up in the market.

    Q: Any advice on interviewing for a director-level PM position?

    As you progress in your PM career, moving from an individual contributor (IC), to a manager of PMs, to a manager of manager of PMs, your gaze rises from the week-to-week, to months out, to years out. You’re increasingly looking further out into the horizon — laying ground-work, anticipating challenges, and working towards a long-term vision. You focus less on day-to-day execution and more on putting place strong vision, strategy, and people. With that in mind, when interviewing or hiring for a director-level PM, the five most important traits to nail IMHO are:

  • Long-term strategic thinking: As a Director of PM, you will be asked to take on large complex problems (e.g. growth is slowing on a marquee product, launch a critical new product from scratch, build out this key piece of infra), and find a clear path to solving those problems. Unlike doing this as an IC PM, the scope will be bigger, the stakes will be higher, and the number of people involved will be larger. When interviewing, expect to be asked about times you’ve defined strategies for problems in the past, and to be given complex business problems that you’ll need to tackle either at home or in-person. Focus on your approach to breaking down the problem and your strategy for addressing it, not on having the perfect solution in the end.
  • People leadership: As you move up the career ladder as a PM manager you become increasingly distant from the actual product. More and more your impact comes out of the work of other people. As Andy Grove famously shared in High Output Management, “the output of a manager is the output of the organizational units under his or her supervision or influence.” Thus, your ability to lead and influence people becomes ever more critical. When interviewing, expect to be asked about your leadership style, how you’ve navigated people challenges in the past, and what your reports and peers would say about working with you, if asked.
  • Stakeholder management: Similarly, you’ll be spending a lot of time working with senior external leaders. Sometimes, even more time than with your own team. When interviewing, expect to be asked about times you had to push back on stakeholders, when you had to go along with something you didn’t agree with, and how you’ve set things up for success when presenting to execs.
  • Impact: As a de-facto leader of a large number of resources (i.e. engineers, designers, data scientists, researchers, etc.), you will be expected to drive significant impact (i.e. changes the trajectory of the business). Expect to be asked how you’ve prioritized for impact in the past, how you align your team behind the most impactful work, how you set goals, and how you think ahead to make sure you’re always working on the highest impact opportunities.
  • Communication: Your ability to communicate clearly, concisely, and convincingly will be essential to being successful at every one of the above attributes. Expect to the asked about concrete tactics you’ve learned for communicating with your team and stakeholders, how you keep your team and stakeholders up to date on what’s happening, and how you communicate bad news. Also, be cognizant of how you’re communicating during the interview — that itself is an important signal to the hiring team.
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