- What is a Page Object Model?
- What are the Advantages of Page Object Model?
- How to implement POM?
- Is Page object model a framework?
- What is the Page Factory Class?
- What is Page Factory?
- Differences between Page Object Model and Page Factory?
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Are you attending an important interview and wondering what are all the Selenium interview questions you will go through?
We have created this most-read Selenium interview questions and answers guide to help you understand the depth of the questions and face it with confidence. These days web apps are on the rise. With the growing need for web apps, there also is an inevitable requirement to test these web apps. That is where Selenium comes into action. Selenium is one of the commonly used automated testing tools which ensures the web app is working just right. If testing was to be done manually, it would utilize several man-hours and would increase the costing as well.
Further, since they are manual, they are prone to errors. Manual testing does not help in the long run, and so, automated testing like Selenium is gaining demand in the industry. If you are pursuing your career in automated testing, and have an upcoming interview in Selenium, this blog is meant for you.
In this blog, we shall discuss here the most common Selenium interview questions. These are for both – the beginners as well as Selenium interview questions for experienced.
Page Object Model Interview Questions and answer for Experienced Automation Tester
Page Object Model Interview Questions
This is the third post in the series of Selenium interview preparation. In case you missed first two posts below are the link.
Ques20: Let us consider that there is a web page which has a web element let say a button which when u try to locate using some locator in browsers console or firebug or firepath, it can easily be located but when selenium tries to interact with this element, it throw Element Not Found Exception. What could be the possible reason for this?
This section is mainly focused on Interview Questions from topics like Advance Selenium WebDriver APIs, Design Patterns like POM (Page Object Model), Enhanched POM – Page Factory, and designing Frameworks.
PS: For any questions, queries or comments feel free to write us at [email protected] or [email protected]. Happy Learning
Ques15: How to identify dynamic web elements (let us say these web elements does not have any Id or classname) on a page?
Selenium Interview Questions & Answers 2022
Q.1) Why pick Selenium over other automated testing tools?
Selenium is open-source. It is very easy to adapt compared to other automated tools in the market. Due to this reason, many companies pick up Selenium automated testing over other traditional methods.
Q.2) List some benefits of Selenium over tools like TestComplete and QTP. Also, what are the disadvantages?
Selenium does not require a license, unlike TestComplete and QTP, being easy on pockets. The online community offers massive support. The release cycles are smaller, and the feedback is prompt compared to TestComplete and QTP. Further, Selenium works on Mac, Linux, and Windows as well.
On the contrary, Selenium requires a developer to have high coding skills. Whereas QTP and TestComplete require low to moderate level of coding skills, respectively.
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Q.3) What changes have occurred in the various Selenium version upgrades?
In the first version of Selenium, Selenium v1, it only comprised three suites of tools, which are Selenium IDE, RC, and Grid. The Webdriver was missing. It was only in the second version of Selenium, Selenium v2 that the Webdriver was introduced. Once this was done, Selenium RC was no longer in use.
You can find them in the market, but the support isn’t available. The next version of Selenium is Selenium v3. It consists of Webdriver, IDE, and the Grid. It is currently in use. A newer version, Selenium v4, is also now available.
Selenium IDE is mainly for recording and playing back. The Webdriver is for testing the dynamic web applications using a programming interface. The Grid is used for employing tests in remote host machines.
You must use the IDE for recording and playback of tests. A WebDriver is used for testing active web applications using a programming interface, and the Grid is employed for deploying tests in isolated host machines.
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Q.4) What are the various exceptions in Selenium WebDriver?
Just like any other programming language, you can find exceptions in Selenium as well. You can find the following exceptions in Selenium WebDriver:
TimeoutException: You get this exception when a command does not perform an action in the specified time.
NoSuchElementException: You get this exception when it cannot find an element with the given attributes on a web page.
ElementNotVisibleException: You get this exception when an element is available in the document object model, but it is not seen on the web page.
StaleElementException: You get this exception when an element is not attached to the document object model or is deleted.
Q.5) Explain Selenium exception test
The exception you expect to be thrown inside a test class is an exception test. If you write a test case intending it to throw an exception, you must use the @test annotation and also mention it in the parameters that which exception would be thrown. For instance,
Q.6) Is there a need for an excel sheet in a project? Is yes, how?
Excel sheets are used as a data source during testing. Further, it also stores the data set while executing data-driven testing. When excel sheets are used as a data source, it can store:
Application URL: Developers can mention the environment URL under which the testing is executed. For example, testing environment, development environment, QA environment, production environment, or staging environment.
User name and password information: Excel sheets can keep safe the access credentials like the username of a password of various environments. Developers can encrypt and store these details for security reasons.
Test cases: Developers can make a table wherein one column write the test case name and the other which says to be executed or not.
If you are going to use excel sheets for DataDriven Test, you can easily store the information for various duplications to be executed during the tests. For instance, all the data that needs to be written in a text box for testing on a web page can be stored in the excel sheets.
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Q.7) What is POM? List its advantages?
POM stands for Page Object Model. It is a design pattern for creating an Object Repository for web UI elements. Every single web page in the application must have its own corresponding page class, which is in charge of searching the WebElements in that page and then execute operations on them.
The advantages of using the Page object model are:
Q.8) What is a Page Factory?
Page Factory offers an enhanced method to execute the Page Object Model by efficiently using the memory, and the execution is done using object-oriented design.
| POM Implementation | |
| With Page Factory | Without Page Factory |
| Uses By() | Uses @FindBy() |
| No imports are required | Imports Page factory |
| No cache storage | Cache lookup is faster |
Page Factory initializes the elements of the Page Object or instantiates the Page Objects itself. Annotations for elements can also be produced. It is, in fact, a better way as the describing properties may not be expressive enough to differentiate one object from another
If POM is used without a page factory, instead of having to use ‘FindElements,’ @FindBy is used to look for WebElement, and initElements is used to initialize web elements from the Page Factory class.
@FindBy can accept attributes like tagName, name, partialLinkText , linkText, id, className , css, and xpath.
Q.9) How do you achieve synchronization in WebDriver? Or, tell us about the different types of wait statements Selenium Web Driver?
You can find two wait statements in Selenium web driver, namely, Implicit Wait and Explicit Wait.
Implicit wait commands the WebDriver to wait for a little by polling the DOM. It is present for the complete life of the web driver instance, once the implicit wait is declared. The pre-set value is zero. If you set it more than zero, then the behavior will poll the DOM on a regular basis based on the driver implementation.
Explicit wait commands the execution to wait for a little till a condition is attained like:
10) What is the use of JavaScriptExecutor?
You can execute JavaScript through Selenium Websriver using JavaScriptExecutor. It is an interface that offers this mechanism. It gives methods like “executescript” and “executeAsyncScript” to run JavaScript in the condition of the currently chosen frame or window. An example of that is:
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
FAQ
How do you explain poms in an interview?
What is the drawback of POM model?
All locators should be kept in page class file. And this abstraction leads to some chaos within the Page Class file. So you need to implement something like a key word driven on top of Page Object Model so as to fully take the advantages.
What is the purpose of using pom?
